/* Vocabulary concept page · 食べる (taberu) — Japanese Parallel to ConceptPageDerivative. Same Swiss discipline. Vocab replaces "definition" as the headline entity; conjugation table takes the structural role of the notation table. */ const VocabPageTaberu = () => { const [hovered, setHovered] = React.useState(null); const [practiceForm, setPracticeForm] = React.useState("te-form"); // Pitch accent for 食べる: 2-mora HEAD-HIGH then drop. Pattern 2 (heiban + drop on 2nd). // We render contour over each mora cell. // タベル: ta(L) be(H) ru(H), drop after る — a heiban-ish pattern. const moraData = [ { kana: "た", roma: "ta", pitch: "L" }, { kana: "べ", roma: "be", pitch: "H" }, { kana: "る", roma: "ru", pitch: "H" }, ]; const dropAfterMora = 2; // index where pitch falls after particle attachment const conjugations = [ { id: "dictionary", jp: "食べる", kana: "たべる", roma: "taberu", gloss: "eat (plain)", polite: false, tense: "non-past", pol: "plain" }, { id: "masu", jp: "食べます", kana: "たべます", roma: "tabemasu", gloss: "eat (polite)", polite: true, tense: "non-past", pol: "polite" }, { id: "te", jp: "食べて", kana: "たべて", roma: "tabete", gloss: "eating; and eat", polite: false, tense: "—", pol: "conjunctive" }, { id: "past", jp: "食べた", kana: "たべた", roma: "tabeta", gloss: "ate", polite: false, tense: "past", pol: "plain" }, { id: "negative", jp: "食べない", kana: "たべない", roma: "tabenai", gloss: "not eat", polite: false, tense: "non-past", pol: "plain" }, { id: "past-neg", jp: "食べなかった",kana: "たべなかった", roma: "tabenakatta", gloss: "did not eat", polite: false, tense: "past", pol: "plain" }, { id: "potential", jp: "食べられる", kana: "たべられる", roma: "taberareru", gloss: "can eat", polite: false, tense: "non-past", pol: "plain" }, { id: "passive", jp: "食べられる", kana: "たべられる", roma: "taberareru", gloss: "be eaten", polite: false, tense: "non-past", pol: "plain" }, { id: "causative", jp: "食べさせる", kana: "たべさせる", roma: "tabesaseru", gloss: "make/let eat", polite: false, tense: "non-past", pol: "plain" }, { id: "imperative", jp: "食べろ", kana: "たべろ", roma: "tabero", gloss: "eat! (rude)", polite: false, tense: "—", pol: "imperative" }, ]; const examples = [ { jp: ["朝", "ご飯", "を", "食べました"], kana: ["あさ", "ごはん", "を", "たべました"], pos: ["N", "N", "PRT", "V"], gloss: "I ate breakfast.", level: "N5", }, { jp: ["パン", "より", "ご飯", "を", "食べたい"], kana: ["ぱん", "より", "ごはん", "を", "たべたい"], pos: ["N", "PRT", "N", "PRT", "V·DESI"], gloss: "I want to eat rice rather than bread.", level: "N4", }, { jp: ["子供", "に", "野菜", "を", "食べさせる"], kana: ["こども", "に", "やさい", "を", "たべさせる"], pos: ["N", "PRT", "N", "PRT", "V·CAUS"], gloss: "Make the child eat vegetables.", level: "N3", }, ]; // Embedding neighborhood — semantic space, not prerequisite. const neighbors = [ { jp: "食う", kana: "くう", roma: "kuu", gloss: "to eat (rough/masculine)", d: 0.06, freq: 1142, register: "rough" }, { jp: "飲む", kana: "のむ", roma: "nomu", gloss: "to drink", d: 0.11, freq: 287, register: "neutral" }, { jp: "噛む", kana: "かむ", roma: "kamu", gloss: "to chew, bite", d: 0.14, freq: 2018, register: "neutral" }, { jp: "味わう", kana: "あじわう", roma: "ajiwau", gloss: "to taste, savor", d: 0.16, freq: 3204, register: "literary" }, { jp: "頂く", kana: "いただく", roma: "itadaku", gloss: "to receive/eat (humble)", d: 0.17, freq: 691, register: "humble" }, { jp: "召し上がる", kana: "めしあがる", roma: "meshiagaru", gloss: "to eat (honorific)", d: 0.19, freq: 4112, register: "honorific" }, ]; return (
To eat. The most common Japanese verb for eating, neutral in register. As an ichidan verb, all conjugations stem from 食べ (taberu minus -ru), which is the simplest stem class — no kana ending changes across the paradigm.
Ichidan verbs share one paradigm. Every form below is generated from the stem 食べ by appending a fixed ending. The same shape applies to 見る, 寝る, 起きる and ~1,400 other verbs.
Verbs near 食べる in semantic space. Distance is cosine; register and frequency vary independently.